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A service evaluation of phased- and stepped-care psychological support for health and social care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic
- Charles L. Cole, Charlotte Barry, Rob Saunders, Jo Billings, Joshua Stott, Joshua E. J. Buckman, Talya Greene, Mirko Cirkovik, Stephen Pilling, Jon Wheatley
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- Journal:
- BJPsych Open / Volume 9 / Issue 3 / May 2023
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 25 May 2023, e95
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Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionally affected the mental health of health and social care workers (HSCWs), with many experiencing symptoms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychological interventions have been offered via mental health services and in-house psychology teams, but their effectiveness in this context is not well documented.
AimsTo evaluate a stepped-care psychological support pathway for HSCWs from Homerton Healthcare Foundation Trust in London, which offered psychological first aid, evidence-based psychological therapies and group-based well-being workshops.
MethodThe service evaluation used a pre–post approach to assess depression, anxiety, functional impairment and post-traumatic stress disorder symptom change for those who attended sessions of psychological first aid, low- or high-intensity cognitive–behavioural therapy or a combination of these. In addition, the acceptability of the psychological first aid sessions and well-being workshops was explored via feedback data.
ResultsAcross all interventions, statistically significant reductions of depression (d = 1.33), anxiety (d = 1.37) and functional impairment (d = 0.93) were observed, and these reductions were equivalent between the interventions, as well as the demographic and occupational differences between the HSCWs (ethnicity, staff group and redeployment status). HSCWs were highly satisfied with the psychological first aid and well-being workshops.
ConclusionsThe evaluation supports the utility of evidence-based interventions delivered as part of a stepped-care pathway for HSCWs with common mental health problems in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the novel integration of psychological first aid within the stepped-care model as a step one intervention, replication and further testing in larger-scale studies is warranted.
Prescription Stimulant Misuse and Abuse: Characterization of Exposures Managed by United States (US) Poison Centers
- Jody L. Green, Taryn Dailey-Govoni, Stephen V. Faraone, Kevin M. Antshel
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 26 / Issue 2 / April 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2021, p. 166
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The National Poison Data System (NPDS), is the data warehouse for the 55 US regional poison centers. While the primary role of a poison center is to provide medical management to the public and healthcare providers, a standardized database is used to collect case data. These data are routinely used to evaluate drug safety, including characterization of prescription medication misuse and abuse. While an effective therapy for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), prescription stimulant medications (RxStim) may be misused and abused, a behavior that has been noted as an emerging public health concern particularly in relation to polysubstance abuse. The objective of this study was to characterize intentional exposures to RxStim in patients age >12 y of age as managed by US poison centers from Jan 2015- 31 Dec 2019.
NPDS cases of intentional exposure to a RxStim in a patient >12 y managed from Jan 2015-Dec 2019 were included for analysis. Intentional exposures are defined in the NPDS manual as exposures that involve a purposeful action. These include intentional misuse, intentional abuse and intentional unknown cases. Intentional suspected suicide cases were excluded.
A total of 12,972 cases met inclusion criteria, of which 62.5% involved a male patient. Most patients were aged 13–19 y (34.7%) or 20–39 y (50.5%). Over one-half (53.3%) of cases were intentional abuse, 29.1% intentional misuse, and 17.6% intentional unknown. While most exposures were via oral route of administration (90.7%), 9.5% were via inhalation/intranasal and 2.4% via injection (multiple routes may be reported). Other substances in addition to a RxStim were involved in 48.2% of cases, including benzodiazepines (11.2%), alcohol (8.8%), marijuana (5.1%), cocaine (3.7%), methamphetamine (3.0%) and atypical antipsychotics (2.5%). The majority of cases resulted in significant medical outcome (60.3%). This included 39.3% with a moderate effect (medical attention indicated, not life-threatening), 6.1% major effect (life-threatening), 1.0% death and 14.0% lost to follow-up but judged as a potentially toxic exposure. Another 22.4% reported minimally bothersome effects. Admission to a healthcare facility was reported for 1 out of 3 cases and another 36.3% were treated/evaluated/released from a healthcare service. An average of 2.3 clinical effects were reported per exposure, the most common being neurological effects (53.2%; examples include agitation, drowsiness/lethargy, confusion, hallucinations/delusions, tremor), cardiovascular effects (50.8%; examples include tachycardia, hypertension), and gastrointestinal effects (9.4%; examples include vomiting, nausea).
RxStim misuse and abuse cases managed by US poison centers most often leads to significant medical outcomes which require medical attention. The role of these medications in polysubstance abuse is concerning and suggestive of needed strategies to address this increasingly important public health concern.
Funding: Arbor Pharmaceuticals, LLC
Substance Use Trajectories: Nonmedical Use (NMU) of Prescription Stimulants via Non-Oral Routes of Administration Among Adults Recruited from Reddit
- Jody L Green, Suzanne K. Vosburg, Rebekkah Robbins, Stephen V. Faraone, Kevin M. Antshel
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- Journal:
- CNS Spectrums / Volume 26 / Issue 2 / April 2021
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2021, pp. 166-167
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NMU of prescription stimulant medications (RxStim) intended for treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a growing public health concern, particularly when used via non-oral routes of administration. However, the role of non-oral routes of administration for RxStim NMU in the larger substance abuse pathway is less well studied. The purpose of this study was to characterize RxStim NMU and investigate substance use trajectories among adults who reported non-oral RxStim NMU recruited from Reddit.
Eligible participants must have been located in the US, English speaking, age 18 y, and have reported RxStim NMU via a non-oral route (any route other than ingestion) within the past 5 y. Participants were recruited from Feb-Sep 2019 using banner ads on Reddit, the 5th most visited website in the US. Participants completed an online survey which captured demographics, lifetime RxStim NMU and illicit substance use; they were compensated for their time. For purposes of this study, NMU included ANY of the following: (1) use for any reason, even once, without their own prescription, (2) use in ways other than prescribed, and (3) use for the feeling or experience the medication caused.
Respondents (n=225) were primarily male (86.2%), 18–24 (48.0%) or 25–34 (43.1%) years of age, and Caucasian (78.2%), Black (7.1%) or Hispanic (5.3%). Lifetime diagnosis of ADHD was reported by 27.6%, with 53.2% diagnosed at age 11–19 and 35.5% at age 20+ years. RxStim NMU via snorting was reported by 99.1%, smoking 3.6% and injecting 6.2% (multiple routes could be reported). Almost all (n=222; 98.7%) also reported lifetime illicit drug use, among whom 182 (82.0%) initiated substance use by using an illicit drug (77.9% marijuana, 1.8% cocaine/crack, 0.9% inhalants, 0.9% hallucinogens, 0.5% methamphetamine/amphetamines) prior to RxStim NMU. Forty (18.0%) respondents initiated with RxStim NMU; 14.4% then initiated marijuana use, 0.9% initiated cocaine/crack use, 0.9% initiated barbiturate use, and 0.5% initiated heroin, inhalant, methamphetamine/amphetamine, and hallucinogen use. Average age of initial RxStim NMU was 18.7 (SD 3.7) years and most often was via swallowing (89.1%) followed by snorting (10.9%). Respondents began using marijuana at age 15.9 (SD 2.5), cocaine or crack at 19.7 (SD 3.3), and heroin at 20.9 (SD 5.5).
Engagement in RxStim NMU via a non-oral route of administration is most often preceded by marijuana use. Among this Reddit-recruited population of non-oral RxStim nonmedical users, only 1 in 4 reported an ADHD diagnosis and <1 in 5 reported RxStim NMU as their first substance use experience; most of these then added marijuana and few moved toward cocaine/crack or methamphetamine. RxStim NMU via non-oral routes is associated with a larger pattern of risky substance use behaviors. Nearly all non-oral RxStim NMU is associated with concomitant drug use, especially marijuana.
Funding. Arbor Pharmaceuticals, LLC
Brain glutathione levels and age at onset of illness in chronic schizophrenia
- Yvonne S. Yang, Richard J. Maddock, Junghee Lee, Huailin Zhang, Gerhard Hellemann, Katherine L. Narr, Stephen R. Marder, Michael F. Green
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- Journal:
- Acta Neuropsychiatrica / Volume 31 / Issue 6 / December 2019
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 27 August 2019, pp. 343-347
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Objective:
Oxidative stress is implicated in the aetiology of schizophrenia, and the antioxidant defence system (AODS) may be protective in this illness. We examined the major antioxidant glutathione (GSH) in prefrontal brain and its correlates with clinical and demographic variables in schizophrenia.
Methods:GSH levels were measured in the dorsolateral prefrontal region of 28 patients with chronic schizophrenia using a magnetic resonance spectroscopy sequence specifically adapted for GSH. We examined correlations of GSH levels with age, age at onset of illness, duration of illness, and clinical symptoms.
Results:We found a negative correlation between GSH levels and age at onset (r = −0.46, p = 0.015), and a trend-level positive relationship between GSH and duration of illness (r = 0.34, p = 0.076).
Conclusion:Our findings are consistent with a possible compensatory upregulation of the AODS with longer duration of illness and suggest that the AODS may play a role in schizophrenia.
Assessing a National Collaborative Program To Prevent Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in a Veterans Health Administration Nursing Home Cohort
- Sarah L. Krein, M. Todd Greene, Beth King, Deborah Welsh, Karen E. Fowler, Barbara W. Trautner, David Ratz, Sanjay Saint, Gary Roselle, Marla Clifton, Stephen M. Kralovic, Tina Martin, Lona Mody
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- Journal:
- Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology / Volume 39 / Issue 7 / July 2018
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 10 May 2018, pp. 820-825
- Print publication:
- July 2018
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OBJECTIVE
Collaborative programs have helped reduce catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) rates in community-based nursing homes. We assessed whether collaborative participation produced similar benefits among Veterans Health Administration (VHA) nursing homes, which are part of an integrated system.
SETTINGThis study included 63 VHA nursing homes enrolled in the “AHRQ Safety Program for Long-Term Care,” which focused on practices to reduce CAUTI.
METHODSChanges in CAUTI rates, catheter utilization, and urine culture orders were assessed from June 2015 through May 2016. Multilevel mixed-effects negative binomial regression was used to derive incidence rate ratios (IRRs) representing changes over the 12-month program period.
RESULTSThere was no significant change in CAUTI among VHA sites, with a CAUTI rate of 2.26 per 1,000 catheter days at month 1 and a rate of 3.19 at month 12 (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.67–1.44). Results were similar for catheter utilization rates, which were 11.02% at month 1 and 11.30% at month 12 (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.95–1.09). The numbers of urine cultures per 1,000 residents were 5.27 in month 1 and 5.31 in month 12 (IRR, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.82–1.05).
CONCLUSIONSNo changes in CAUTI rates, catheter use, or urine culture orders were found during the program period. One potential reason was the relatively low baseline CAUTI rate, as compared with a cohort of community-based nursing homes. This low baseline rate is likely related to the VHA’s prior CAUTI prevention efforts. While broad-scale collaborative approaches may be effective in some settings, targeting higher-prevalence safety issues may be warranted at sites already engaged in extensive infection prevention efforts.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;820–825
Impact of β2-1 fructan on faecal community change: results from a placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blinded, cross-over study in healthy adults
- Sandra T. Clarke, Stephen P. J. Brooks, G. Douglas Inglis, L. Jay Yanke, Judy Green, Nicholas Petronella, D. Dan Ramdath, Premysl Bercik, Julia M. Green-Johnson, Martin Kalmokoff
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 118 / Issue 6 / 28 September 2017
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 28 September 2017, pp. 441-453
- Print publication:
- 28 September 2017
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Healthy adults (n 30) participated in a placebo-controlled, randomised, double-blinded, cross-over study consisting of two 28 d treatments (β2-1 fructan or maltodextrin; 3×5 g/d) separated by a 14-d washout. Subjects provided 1 d faecal collections at days 0 and 28 of each treatment. The ability of faecal bacteria to metabolise β2-1 fructan was common; eighty-seven species (thirty genera, and four phyla) were isolated using anaerobic medium containing β2-1 fructan as the sole carbohydrate source. β2-1 fructan altered the faecal community as determined through analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms and 16S rRNA genes. Supplementation with β2-1 fructan reduced faecal community richness, and two patterns of community change were observed. In most subjects, β2-1 fructan reduced the content of phylotypes aligning within the Bacteroides, whereas increasing those aligning within bifidobacteria, Faecalibacterium and the family Lachnospiraceae. In the remaining subjects, supplementation increased the abundance of Bacteroidetes and to a lesser extent bifidobacteria, accompanied by decreases within the Faecalibacterium and family Lachnospiraceae. β2-1 Fructan had no impact on the metagenome or glycoside hydrolase profiles in faeces from four subjects. Few relationships were found between the faecal bacterial community and various host parameters; Bacteroidetes content correlated with faecal propionate, subjects whose faecal community contained higher Bacteroidetes produced more caproic acid independent of treatment, and subjects having lower faecal Bacteroidetes exhibited increased concentrations of serum lipopolysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide binding protein independent of treatment. We found no evidence to support a defined health benefit for the use of β2-1 fructans in healthy subjects.
β2-1 Fructan supplementation alters host immune responses in a manner consistent with increased exposure to microbial components: results from a double-blinded, randomised, cross-over study in healthy adults
- Sandra T. Clarke, Julia M. Green-Johnson, Stephen P. J. Brooks, D. Dan Ramdath, Premysl Bercik, Christian Avila, G. Douglas Inglis, Judy Green, L. Jay Yanke, L. Brent Selinger, Martin Kalmokoff
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 115 / Issue 10 / 28 May 2016
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 18 March 2016, pp. 1748-1759
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- 28 May 2016
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β2-1 Fructans are purported to improve health by stimulating growth of colonic bifidobacteria, increasing host resistance to pathogens and stimulating the immune system. However, in healthy adults, the benefits of supplementation remain undefined. Adults (thirteen men, seventeen women) participated in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised, cross-over study consisting of two 28-d treatments separated by a 14-d washout period. Subjects’ regular diets were supplemented with β2-1 fructan or placebo (maltodextrin) at 3×5 g/d. Fasting blood and 1-d faecal collections were obtained at the beginning and at the end of each phase. Blood was analysed for clinical, biochemical and immunological variables. Determinations of well-being and general health, gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, regularity, faecal SCFA content, residual faecal β2-1 fructans and faecal bifidobacteria content were undertaken. β2-1 Fructan supplementation had no effect on blood lipid or cholesterol concentrations or on circulating lymphocyte and macrophage numbers, but significantly increased serum lipopolysaccharide, faecal SCFA, faecal bifidobacteria and indigestion. With respect to immune function, β2-1 fructan supplementation increased serum IL-4, circulating percentages of CD282+/TLR2+ myeloid dendritic cells and ex vivo responsiveness to a toll-like receptor 2 agonist. β2-1 Fructans also decreased serum IL-10, but did not affect C-reactive protein or serum/faecal Ig concentrations. No differences in host well-being were associated with either treatment, although the self-reported incidence of GI symptoms and headaches increased during the β2-1 fructan phase. Although β2-1 fructan supplementation increased faecal bifidobacteria, this change was not directly related to any of the determined host parameters.
The interplay of birth weight, dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4), and early maternal care in the prediction of disorganized attachment at 36 months of age
- Ashley Wazana, Ellen Moss, Alexis Jolicoeur-Martineau, Justin Graffi, Gal Tsabari, Vanessa Lecompte, Katherine Pascuzzo, Vanessa Babineau, Cathryn Gordon-Green, Viara Mileva, Leslie Atkinson, Klaus Minde, André Anne Bouvette-Turcot, Roberto Sassi, Martin St.-André, Normand Carrey, Stephen Matthews, Marla Sokolowski, John Lydon, Helene Gaudreau, Meir Steiner, James L. Kennedy, Alison Fleming, Robert Levitan, Michael J. Meaney
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- Journal:
- Development and Psychopathology / Volume 27 / Issue 4pt1 / November 2015
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 06 October 2015, pp. 1145-1161
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Disorganized attachment is an important early risk factor for socioemotional problems throughout childhood and into adulthood. Prevailing models of the etiology of disorganized attachment emphasize the role of highly dysfunctional parenting, to the exclusion of complex models examining the interplay of child and parental factors. Decades of research have established that extreme child birth weight may have long-term effects on developmental processes. These effects are typically negative, but this is not always the case. Recent studies have also identified the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) as a moderator of childrearing effects on the development of disorganized attachment. However, there are inconsistent findings concerning which variant of the polymorphism (seven-repeat long-form allele or non–seven-repeat short-form allele) is most likely to interact with caregiving in predicting disorganized versus organized attachment. In this study, we examined possible two- and three-way interactions and child DRD4 polymorphisms and birth weight and maternal caregiving at age 6 months in longitudinally predicting attachment disorganization at 36 months. Our sample is from the Maternal Adversity, Vulnerability and Neurodevelopment project, a sample of 650 mother–child dyads. Birth weight was cross-referenced with normative data to calculate birth weight percentile. Infant DRD4 was obtained with buccal swabs and categorized according to the presence of the putative allele seven repeat. Macroanalytic and microanalytic measures of maternal behavior were extracted from a videotaped session of 20 min of nonfeeding interaction followed by a 10-min divided attention maternal task at 6 months. Attachment was assessed at 36 months using the Strange Situation procedure, and categorized into disorganized attachment and others. The results indicated that a main effect for DRD4 and a two-way interaction of birth weight and 6-month maternal attention (frequency of maternal looking away behavior) and sensitivity predicted disorganized attachment in robust logistic regression models adjusted for social demographic covariates. Specifically, children in the midrange of birth weight were more likely to develop a disorganized attachment when exposed to less attentive maternal care. However, the association reversed with extreme birth weight (low and high). The DRD4 seven-repeat allele was associated with less disorganized attachment (protective), while non–seven-repeat children were more likely to be classified as disorganized attachment. The implications for understanding inconsistencies in the literature about which DRD4 genotype is the risk direction are also considered. Suggestions for intervention with families with infants at different levels of biological risk and caregiving risk are also discussed.
Contributors
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- By Christopher R. Agnew, Jody L. Davis, Chelsea N. Ellithorpe, Paul E. Etcheverry, Robin Goodwin, Jeffrey D. Green, Elizabeth Dorrance Hall, Heather M. Helms, Michael Ioerger, Elizabeth Keneski, Leanne K. Knobloch, Benjamin Le, Justin J. Lehmiller, Timothy J. Loving, Erina L. MacGeorge, Stephen R. Marks, Robert M. Milardo, Chelsea A. Reid, Çağla Sanrı, H. Colleen Sinclair, Erin C. Wehrman, Eric D. Widmer
- Edited by Christopher R. Agnew, Purdue University, Indiana
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- Book:
- Social Influence on Close Relationships
- Published online:
- 05 October 2014
- Print publication:
- 09 October 2014, pp viii-x
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- By Michael H. Allen, Leora Amira, Victoria Arango, David W. Ayer, Helene Bach, Christopher R. Bailey, Ross J. Baldessarini, Kelsey Ball, Alan L. Berman, Marian E. Betz, Emily A. Biggs, R. Warwick Blood, Kathleen T. Brady, David A. Brent, Jeffrey A. Bridge, Gregory K. Brown, Anat Brunstein Klomek, A. Jacqueline Buchanan, Michelle J. Chandley, Tim Coffey, Jessica Coker, Yeates Conwell, Scott J. Crow, Collin L. Davidson, Yogesh Dwivedi, Stacey Espaillat, Jan Fawcett, Steven J. Garlow, Robert D. Gibbons, Catherine R. Glenn, Deborah Goebert, Erica Goldstein, Tina R. Goldstein, Madelyn S. Gould, Kelly L. Green, Alison M. Greene, Philip D. Harvey, Robert M. A. Hirschfeld, Donna Holland Barnes, Andres M. Kanner, Gary J. Kennedy, Stephen H. Koslow, Benoit Labonté, Alison M. Lake, William B. Lawson, Steve Leifman, Adam Lesser, Timothy W. Lineberry, Amanda L. McMillan, Herbert Y. Meltzer, Michael Craig Miller, Michael J. Miller, James A. Naifeh, Katharine J. Nelson, Charles B. Nemeroff, Alexander Neumeister, Matthew K. Nock, Jennifer H. Olson-Madden, Gregory A. Ordway, Michael W. Otto, Ghanshyam N. Pandey, Giampaolo Perna, Jane Pirkis, Kelly Posner, Anne Rohs, Pedro Ruiz, Molly Ryan, Alan F. Schatzberg, S. Charles Schulz, M. Katherine Shear, Morton M. Silverman, April R. Smith, Marcus Sokolowski, Barbara Stanley, Zachary N. Stowe, Sarah A. Struthers, Leonardo Tondo, Gustavo Turecki, Robert J. Ursano, Kimberly Van Orden, Anne C. Ward, Danuta Wasserman, Jerzy Wasserman, Melinda K. Westlund, Tracy K. Witte, Kseniya Yershova, Alexandra Zagoloff, Sidney Zisook
- Edited by Stephen H. Koslow, University of Miami, Pedro Ruiz, University of Miami, Charles B. Nemeroff, University of Miami
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- Book:
- A Concise Guide to Understanding Suicide
- Published online:
- 05 October 2014
- Print publication:
- 18 September 2014, pp vii-x
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- By Christine Alexander, Simon Avery, Michael Baumber, Birgitta Berglund, Dinah Birch, Miriam Elizabeth Burstein, Janis McLarren Caldwell, Edward Chitham, Stephen Colclough, Ann Dinsdale, Bob Duckett, Maria Frawley, Barbara T. Gates, Janet Gezari, Dudley Green, David Jasper, Drew Lamonica Arms, Elizabeth Langland, Alexandra Lewis, Sara J. Lodge, Sue Lonoff, Jill L. Matus, Victor A. Neufeldt, Linda H. Peterson, Stephen Prickett, Lyn Pykett, Herbert Rosengarten, Jane Sellars, Joanne Shattock, Margaret Smith, Patsy Stoneman, Marianne Thormählen, Ian Ward, Stephen Whitehead, T. J. Winnifrith, Steven Wood
- Edited by Marianne Thormählen, Lunds Universitet, Sweden
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- The Brontës in Context
- Published online:
- 05 December 2012
- Print publication:
- 01 November 2012, pp xi-xvii
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Changes in macular pigment optical density and serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin in response to weight loss
- Mark L. Kirby, Stephen Beatty, Jim Stack, Michael Harrison, Isabelle Greene, Sean McBrinn, Paula Carroll, John M. Nolan
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- Journal:
- British Journal of Nutrition / Volume 105 / Issue 7 / 14 April 2011
- Published online by Cambridge University Press:
- 09 December 2010, pp. 1036-1046
- Print publication:
- 14 April 2011
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The objective of the present study was to investigate whether weight loss is associated with changes in serum concentrations of lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z), and/or macular pigment optical density (MPOD). We recruited 104 overweight subjects into this randomised controlled weight loss study. For the intervention group (I group), weight was assessed weekly and body composition, including BMI (kg/m2) and body fat (kg and percentage), was assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Weight loss was encouraged using dietary and exercise programmes. MPOD was measured by heterochromatic flicker photometry and serum concentrations of L and Z by HPLC (at baseline, 1, 3, 6 and 12 months). The control (C) group was assessed at baseline and 12 months. Repeated-measures ANOVA (RMA) demonstrated significant weight loss in the I group over the study period (P = 0·000). There was no significant weight change in the C group (P = 0·993). RMA of dietary L and Z, serum L and Z, and MPOD demonstrated no significant time or time × group interaction effect in any of these parameters (P>0·05 for all), with the exception of a significant decrease in the dietary intake of Z seen in both groups, over the study period (P < 0·05). There was a positive and significant relationship between body fat loss (kg) and increase in serum concentrations of L in the I group (r 0·521; P = 0·006). Our finding that a reduction in body composition (e.g. fat mass) is related to increases in serum concentrations of L is consistent with the hypothesis that body fat acts as a reservoir for this carotenoid, and that weight loss can positively influence circulating carotenoid levels.
Contributors
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- By Charles E. Argoff, Gerard A. Banez, Samantha Boris-Karpel, Barbara K. Bruce, Alexandra S. Bullough, Annmarie Cano, Victor T. Chang, Elizabeth A. Clark, Daniel J. Clauw, June L. Dahl, Tam K. Dao, Amber M. Davis, Courtney L. Dixon, Michael H. Ebert, Robin M. Gallagher, Gerald W. Grass, Carmen R. Green, Jay Gunkelman, Bradford D. Hare, Jennifer A. Haythornthwaite, Jaclyn Heller Issner, W. Michael Hooten, Mark P. Jensen, Mark E. Jones, Robert D. Kerns, Raphael J. Leo, Morris Maizels, Mary E. Murawski, Brooke Myers-Sorger, Akiko Okifuji, Renata Okonkwo, John D. Otis, Stacy C. Parenteau, Laura E. Pence, Donald B. Penzien, Donna B. Pincus, Ellyn Poltrock Stein, Wendy J. Quinton, Jeanetta C. Rains, M. Carrington Reid, Thomas J. Romano, Jeffrey D. Rome, Robert L. Ruff, Suzanne S. Ruff, Steven H. Sanders, Ingra Schellenberg, John J. Sellinger, Howard S. Smith, Brenda Stoelb, Jon Streltzer, Mark D. Sullivan, Kimberly S. Swanson, Gabriel Tan, Stephen Thielke, Beverly E. Thorn, Cynthia O. Townsend, Dennis C. Turk, Stephanie C. Wallio, Lawrence J. Weinberger, David A. Williams, Hilary Wilson
- Edited by Michael H. Ebert, Yale University, Connecticut, Robert D. Kerns, Yale University, Connecticut
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- Book:
- Behavioral and Psychopharmacologic Pain Management
- Published online:
- 10 January 2011
- Print publication:
- 25 November 2010, pp ix-xii
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- By Rose Teteki Abbey, K. C. Abraham, David Tuesday Adamo, LeRoy H. Aden, Efrain Agosto, Victor Aguilan, Gillian T. W. Ahlgren, Charanjit Kaur AjitSingh, Dorothy B E A Akoto, Giuseppe Alberigo, Daniel E. Albrecht, Ruth Albrecht, Daniel O. Aleshire, Urs Altermatt, Anand Amaladass, Michael Amaladoss, James N. Amanze, Lesley G. Anderson, Thomas C. Anderson, Victor Anderson, Hope S. Antone, María Pilar Aquino, Paula Arai, Victorio Araya Guillén, S. Wesley Ariarajah, Ellen T. Armour, Brett Gregory Armstrong, Atsuhiro Asano, Naim Stifan Ateek, Mahmoud Ayoub, John Alembillah Azumah, Mercedes L. García Bachmann, Irena Backus, J. Wayne Baker, Mieke Bal, Lewis V. Baldwin, William Barbieri, António Barbosa da Silva, David Basinger, Bolaji Olukemi Bateye, Oswald Bayer, Daniel H. Bays, Rosalie Beck, Nancy Elizabeth Bedford, Guy-Thomas Bedouelle, Chorbishop Seely Beggiani, Wolfgang Behringer, Christopher M. Bellitto, Byard Bennett, Harold V. Bennett, Teresa Berger, Miguel A. Bernad, Henley Bernard, Alan E. Bernstein, Jon L. Berquist, Johannes Beutler, Ana María Bidegain, Matthew P. Binkewicz, Jennifer Bird, Joseph Blenkinsopp, Dmytro Bondarenko, Paulo Bonfatti, Riet en Pim Bons-Storm, Jessica A. Boon, Marcus J. Borg, Mark Bosco, Peter C. Bouteneff, François Bovon, William D. Bowman, Paul S. Boyer, David Brakke, Richard E. Brantley, Marcus Braybrooke, Ian Breward, Ênio José da Costa Brito, Jewel Spears Brooker, Johannes Brosseder, Nicholas Canfield Read Brown, Robert F. Brown, Pamela K. Brubaker, Walter Brueggemann, Bishop Colin O. Buchanan, Stanley M. Burgess, Amy Nelson Burnett, J. Patout Burns, David B. Burrell, David Buttrick, James P. Byrd, Lavinia Byrne, Gerado Caetano, Marcos Caldas, Alkiviadis Calivas, William J. Callahan, Salvatore Calomino, Euan K. Cameron, William S. Campbell, Marcelo Ayres Camurça, Daniel F. Caner, Paul E. Capetz, Carlos F. Cardoza-Orlandi, Patrick W. Carey, Barbara Carvill, Hal Cauthron, Subhadra Mitra Channa, Mark D. Chapman, James H. Charlesworth, Kenneth R. Chase, Chen Zemin, Luciano Chianeque, Philip Chia Phin Yin, Francisca H. Chimhanda, Daniel Chiquete, John T. Chirban, Soobin Choi, Robert Choquette, Mita Choudhury, Gerald Christianson, John Chryssavgis, Sejong Chun, Esther Chung-Kim, Charles M. A. Clark, Elizabeth A. Clark, Sathianathan Clarke, Fred Cloud, John B. Cobb, W. Owen Cole, John A Coleman, John J. Collins, Sylvia Collins-Mayo, Paul K. Conkin, Beth A. Conklin, Sean Connolly, Demetrios J. Constantelos, Michael A. Conway, Paula M. Cooey, Austin Cooper, Michael L. Cooper-White, Pamela Cooper-White, L. William Countryman, Sérgio Coutinho, Pamela Couture, Shannon Craigo-Snell, James L. Crenshaw, David Crowner, Humberto Horacio Cucchetti, Lawrence S. Cunningham, Elizabeth Mason Currier, Emmanuel Cutrone, Mary L. Daniel, David D. Daniels, Robert Darden, Rolf Darge, Isaiah Dau, Jeffry C. Davis, Jane Dawson, Valentin Dedji, John W. de Gruchy, Paul DeHart, Wendy J. 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Yee, Viktor Yelensky, Yeo Khiok-Khng, Gustav K. K. Yeung, Angela Yiu, Amos Yong, Yong Ting Jin, You Bin, Youhanna Nessim Youssef, Eliana Yunes, Robert Michael Zaller, Valarie H. Ziegler, Barbara Brown Zikmund, Joyce Ann Zimmerman, Aurora Zlotnik, Zhuo Xinping
- Edited by Daniel Patte, Vanderbilt University, Tennessee
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- The Cambridge Dictionary of Christianity
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- 05 August 2012
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Contributors
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- By Nicholas B. Allen, Stephanie Assuras, Robert M. Bilder, Joan C. Borod, John L. Bradshaw, Warrick J. Brewer, Ariel Brown, Nik Brown, Tyrone Cannon, Audrey Carstensen, Cameron S. Carter, Luke Clark, Phyllis Chua, Thilo Deckersbach, Richard A. Depue, Tali Ditman, Aleksey Dumer, David E. Fleck, Lara Foland-Ross, Judith M. Ford, Nelson Freimer, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Nathan A. Gates, Terry E. Goldberg, George Graham, Igor Grant, Melissa J. Green, Michelle M. Halfacre, Wendy Heller, John D. Herrington, Garry D. Honey, Jennifer E. Iudicello, Henry J. Jackson, J. David Jentsch, Donald Kalar, Paul Keedwell, Ester Klimkeit, Nancy S. Koven, Donna A. Kreher, Gina R. Kuperberg, Edythe London, Dan I. Lubman, Daniel H. Mathalon, Patrick D. McGorry, Philip McGuire, George R. Mangun, Gregory A. Miller, Albert Newen, Jack B. Nitschke, Jaak Panksepp, Christos Pantelis, Mary Philips, Russell A. Poldrack, Scott L. Rauch, Susan M. Ravizza, Steven Paul Reise, Nicole Rinehart, Angela Rizk-Jackson, Trevor W. Robbins, Tamara A. Russell, Fred W. Sabb, Cary R. Savage, Kimberley R. Savage, J. Cobb Scott, Marc L. Seal, Larry J. Seidman, Paula K. Shear, Marisa M. Silveri, Nadia Solowij, Laura Southgate, G. Lynn Stephens, D. Stott Parker, Stephen M. Strakowski, Simon A. Surguladze, Kate Tchanturia, René Testa, Janet Treasure, Eve M. Valera, Kai Vogeley, Anthony P. Weiss, Sarah Whittle, Stephen J. Wood, Steven Paul Woods, Murat Yücel, Deborah A. Yurgelun-Todd
- Edited by Stephen J. Wood, University of Melbourne, Nicholas B. Allen, University of Melbourne, Christos Pantelis, University of Melbourne
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- The Neuropsychology of Mental Illness
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An open letter to the President
- Louis Appleby, Glyn Lewis, R. H. Cawley, Isaac Marks, Pamela Taylor, Raymond Levy, Klaus Bergmann, Nick Temple, Brian Toone, Stephen Wolkind, Eileen Joyce, Michael Gill, E. Guinness, Michael Farrell, V. L. Nimgaonkar, Deborah Chee, L. Mynors-Wallis, Peter Jones, Penny Thompson, Rachel Brown, H. Ring, Claire Gerada, Jenny Bearn, S. G. Potts, B. C. Beats, Lyn Pilowsky, Judith Jackson, G. F. Searle, Keith Lloyd, Helena Fox, Parimela Moodley, Tony Maden, S. W. Lewis, M. W. Orrell, D. Murphy, W. J. Levy, Brian Green, Alex Buchanan, Marian J. Perkins, Peter Misch, Gillian Mezey, M. Murphy, Anthony David, Robert Kerwin, Shirine Pezeshgi, M. Abas, P. Silverstone, J. H. Stone, G. O. 'Sullivan, R. Araya, R. Ball, E. Palazidou, Jane Milton, Anthony J. Pelosi, Janet Carrick, Dinesh Bhugra, Chris Hollis, Mark Berelowitz, N. R. Fisher, Deborah Brooke, Charles Hindler, Malcolm Battersby, Abigail Seltzer
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- Psychiatric Bulletin / Volume 12 / Issue 12 / December 1988
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Effectiveness of Centralized Skin Testing
- Stephen L. Green, Karen S. LaPeter, Stephanie M. Overton
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- Infection Control / Volume 5 / Issue 8 / August 1984
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- 02 January 2015, pp. 367-368
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- August 1984
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